What Is a Shaded Pole Motor?

As a unique type of single-phase AC motor, the shaded pole motor has its own working principle and structural design. First of all, from the structural point of view, the shaded pole motor is mainly divided into two types: hidden pole type and salient pole type. The stator and rotor of the hidden pole motor are evenly slotted, the rotor is shaped like a squirrel cage, and the main winding and shaded pole winding (or auxiliary winding) are distributed on the stator. The salient pole motor has a distinct salient pole structure, the main winding is directly sleeved on the magnetic pole, and the shaded pole ring is cleverly embedded in a corner of the magnetic pole.

When it comes to the working principle of the shaded pole motor, its core lies in its unique magnetic pole structure. The main and auxiliary windings on the stator are not orthogonally arranged, but cleverly arranged. When powered on, they jointly generate a rotating air gap magnetic field. This design allows the shaded pole motor to start running directly without relying on external starting elements such as capacitors, so it belongs to a type of single-phase AC asynchronous motor.

More specifically, the reason why the shaded pole motor can rotate and operate continuously is inseparable from the joint action of the shaded pole winding and the short-circuit ring. Together, they generate a pulsed magnetic field that drives the motor to start rotating and continues to provide power during the operation of the motor. This unique working principle makes the shaded pole motor unique among single-phase AC motors, and it can achieve efficient and stable operation without complex starting devices.